Vatican offer may lure Anglican priests

updated 8:17 p.m. ET Oct. 22, 2009

LONDON - On the surface, it looks like a polite tug of war between two of the world's great churches, each saying nice things about the other.

But the ramifications of the conflict between the Roman Catholic Church and the Church of England are broad and not yet completely clear, with details of the Vatican's offer to help Anglicans convert still unpublished.

It is not yet known what part of the Anglicans' liturgy and rites will be incorporated into Catholic worship under the surprise offer made earlier this week in a bold bid by Pope Benedict XVI to capitalize on sharp divisions within the Anglican community over the proper role of women clergy and the acceptability of openly gay priests.

Nor is it evident how many Anglicans will seek to switch churches because of the pope's new policy. The Right Rev. John Broadhurst, the Bishop of Fulham, believes roughly 1,000 Church of England clergy will seek to join the Roman Catholic Church. He is chairman of Forward in Faith, a group of traditionalists opposed to the ordination of women.

Widespread unhappiness?
He said this was not a direct result of the pope's new policy but a reflection of widespread unhappiness with liberal Church of England policies.

"There are 1,000 priests who are totally disenchanted with the position on women bishops, and if there is no provision for them, they will inevitably leave the Church of England," he said. "The Church of England is in a crisis because of its own internal policies and has been for a long time."

Others predict the exodus will be smaller.

Some changes are certain: it will, for example, be possible for married Anglican clergy to become Roman Catholic clergy under the new rules, a prospect that some believe may open the door, slowly, to the acceptance of married Catholic priests.

The Rev. Thomas Reese, a Vatican expert at Georgetown's Theological Center in Washington, predicted the Vatican announcement may have "significant and unforeseen consequences" for the Catholic Church.

"It may in fact provide the Catholic Church with a steady supply of married priests," he wrote.

Several commentators have suggested that the Catholic Church will be increasingly pressured into relaxing its own celibacy rule for priests because of the expected influx of married Anglican priests. For years, there have been calls for so-called "viri provati" or tested men to perform priestly functions to help relieve the priest shortage in the United States and much of the developing world.

Celibacy not up for negotiation
The Vatican has always rejected those calls, saying the celibacy rule is not up for negotiation.

Cardinal William Levada acknowledged that the influx of married Anglican priests into the Catholic Church could create problems. But he said he didn't think the problem would be "insurmountable."

"It's a question of education, of the reasons for this kind of a disposition among our faithful," he told a press conference earlier this week. "And I think that experience has already shown us that if an explanation is given, that people understand that and accept it as an exception."

Part of the problem stems from the fact that, according to the new Vatican norms, Anglican seminarians will be trained alongside Catholic seminarians. It stands to reason that that the already difficult decision a Catholic seminarian must make to live a celibate life will be made even more difficult if his schoolmate is allowed to have a wife.

"I think for some people it seems to be a problem because as you know there have been many catholic priests who have left the priesthood to get married, and the question rises: 'If these former Anglicans can be married priests, what about us?'" Levada said.

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